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Government Theory
1a. a body of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is acknowledged to be governed.
2a. Political doctrine of constitutional law under which the three branches of government (executive, legislative, and judicial) are kept separate to prevent abuse of power. Also known as the system of checks and balances, each branch is given certain powers so as to check and balance the other branches.
7a.State any three newspapers founded by nationalist in nigeria after the second world war
1. Iwe Ihorin, founded in 1859 by African missionaries in Abeokuta, Nigeria
2. Lagos Daily News in 1925,
3. West African Pilot in 1937
7b. Highlight any four roles played by local newspaper in the struggle against colonila rule
1. Rebellions Against Colonial Rule Before the Second World War
2. The fight against colonialism and imperialism in Africa
3. Struggles for National Liberation
4. Nationalism and Independence
8. Outline five achievements of the Action Group as a political party in nigeria
1. The party won regional power in Western Nigeria while Nigeria was still under British colonial rule
2. It took part in the national elections on the eve of Nigerian independence in 1960 but was able to garner little support outside the Western Region and the Nigerian federal capital city of Lagos.
3. It also had appeal in the later South-South and Middle Belt regions of the country.
4. The party was regarded in some establishment circles as supporting communism, and was viewed with suspicion by the West, even though the leadership denied this claim.
9ai. Explain the term Military
The military are forces authorized to use deadly force, and weapons, to support the interests of the state and some or all of its citizens. The task of the military is usually defined as defense of the state and its citizens, and the prosecution of war against another state. The military may also have additional sanctioned and non-sanctioned functions within a society, including, the promotion of a political agenda, protecting corporate economic interests, internal population control, construction, emergency services, social ceremonies, and guarding important areas.
9aii. What is military coup d’etat?
It is “stroke of state” or “blow against the state”.
9b.Outline three basic faetures of military rule
1. The role played by the military in top decision-making varies
2. There is the presidential type in which the military play a supportive role rather than a creative or active role.
3. The study of military regimes rose to prominence
4a. Define public opinon
an aggregate of the individual views, attitudes, and beliefs about a particular topic, expressed by a significant proportion of a community.
4b.Highlight three ways by which public opinon can be formed.
1.Personal interest
Personal interest has a straightforward effect on public opinion. Individuals respond to a problem based on how the outcome will affect them
2. Schemas
A more encompa$$ing way of looking at public opinion is through the concept of a schema, a term political scientists have borrowed from psychology. A schema is a set of beliefs that people use to examine a specific subject.
3.Effective leadership
Politicians are often accused of following the polls too closely, altering their positions to reflect shifts in public opinion. Effective leaders, in contrast, help build a consensus on policies that they believe are in the best interest of the country.
4c. In What three ways can public opinion be encourged in your country?
1. Through The ma$$ media
Newspapers, radio, television, and the Internet—including e-mail and blogs
2. Through the Interest groups
Interest groups, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), religious groups, and labour unions (trade unions) cultivate the formation and spread of public opinion on issues of concern to their constituencies.
3. Through the Opinion leaders
Opinion leaders play a major role in defining popular issues and in influencing individual opinions regarding them. Political leaders in particular can turn a relatively unknown problem into a national issue if they decide to call attention to it in the media.
5. Identify five official used in the conduct of election on the polling day.
1.Supervisory presiding officer (SPO)
2. Presiding officer (PO)
3. Assistant Presiding Officer 1 (Apo)
4. Assistant Presiding Officer 111 (Apo)
5. Assistant Presiding Officer 111 (Apo)
Functions
1.Supervisory presiding officer (SPO): He/she supervise the conduct of poll in a cluster of polling unit
2. Presiding officer (PO): Is in-charge of all activities at the polling unit on election Day including Accreditation, Voting, Sorting, Counting of votes as well as the Announcement of election result(s)
3. Assistant Presiding Officer 1 (Apo): Verification and statistics/ Overseer, He/she a$$ists with collection of materials from the SPO
4.Assistant Presiding Officer 11 (Apo): Register-Check/Ballot paper issuance and Inking, Also Issue voter with duly endorsed accreditation tag
5.Assistant Presiding Officer 111 (Apo): Queue Controller, Ensure Orderly queuing of voters.
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